biology

Honey bees cluster in winter and produce heat

In winter, average temperature of cluster is 70F. In the hive, honey bees “shiver” to warm the cluster (thermogenesis). In late winter to early spring, as the queen begins to lay eggs, this heat energy is used to maintain brood at a consistent temperature, ~93F.

A honey bee collects water

Water is essential for life, but is also used by honey bees in times of heat stress for evaporative cooling. Water is deposited within the hive and, by fanning their wings, air is circulated to provide humidity control and a stable temperature for developing brood.

A frame of capped honey, ready to be extracted.

Honey is created by the collection, reduction (evaporation), and processing (enzymatic action) of nectar.

Stored at ~18% water content. Reduced risk of spoilage by yeast which promotes long term storage.

Sealed beneath a wax capping when finished processing.